![]() (see Bid rigging)Ī contract with option is contract that gives the purchaser of the option the right, but not the obligation, to buy (a “call” option) or to sell (a “put” option), e.g. Bid rigging is the typical mechanism of collusion in public contracts. The emphasis on offering the goods, services or works in response to a request from a public organisation is necessary to differentiate a bidder from a supplier (see Supplier)Ĭapacity refers to the ability to meet obligations and objectives based on existing administrative, financial, human and infrastructure resources.Ĭentralised purchasing is a procedure in which a contracting authority takes the responsibility of: 1) acquiring goods or services intended for one or more contracting authorities 2) awarding public contracts for works, goods or services intended for one or more contracting authorities or 3) concluding framework agreements for works, goods or services intended for one or more contracting authorities.Ĭollusion involves a horizontal relationship between bidders in a public procurement, who conspire to remove the element of competition from the process by raising or fixing the prices and reducing output in order to increase profits. The award criteria refer to the criteria by which the successful tender is to be selected.īalance refers to balancing secondary policy objectives against the primary policy objective when using public procurement systems.īid rigging (or collusive tendering) occurs when businesses, that would otherwise be expected to compete, secretly conspire to raise prices or lower the quality of goods or services for purchasers who wish to acquire products or services through a bidding process.Ī bidder is a person, commercial company or other organisation, which offers to provide goods, services or works in response to a request from a public organisation. ![]() Access refers to facilitating the participation in procurement opportunities for potential competitors of all sizes.Īccountability is about having managers to be held responsible for carrying out a defined set of duties or tasks, and for conforming with rules and standards applicable to their posts.
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